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Lista de publicaciones del Think Tank del PE
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank
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Palabra clave "acervo comunitario"
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Fecha de creación : 06-01-2022The Development of an Institutional Framework for the Implementation of the Association Agreements in
Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine: a comparative perspective
Tipo de publicación Estudio
Fecha 19-09-2018
Autor externo Kataryna WOLCZUK, Professor of East European Politics, University of Birmingham and Associate Fellow, Russia and
Eurasia Programme, Chatham House, United Kingdom
Ámbito político Asuntos exteriores | Comercio internacional | Democracia | Democracia en la UE, Derecho institucional y
parlamentario | Derecho de la UE: sistema jurídico y actos legislativos | Transposición y aplicación de la legislación
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | Acuerdo de Asociación (UE) | ajuste estructural | competencias del Parlamento | cooperación
técnica | corrupción | Georgia | independencia de la justicia | Moldavia | Parlamento nacional | reforma institucional |
reforma judicial | reforma política | situación política | Ucrania
Resumen In recent years the EU concluded Association Agreements, including the creation of a Comprehensive Free Trade
Areas with Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. These are amongst the most complex and comprehensive legal treaties
concluded by the EU with third countries. The treaties place a profound obligation on the partner countries of legal
approximation, that is, to undertake extensive, binding commitments to adopt vast swathes of the acquis in order to
stimulate political and economic development and institutional modernisation. This study shows that creating the
institutional framework for implementation is a challenging and drawn-out process. While all countries have made
some progress with devising these mechanisms, they are short of the necessary political leadership, policy planning,
administrative capacity and there is a dearth of budgetary planning to enable effective implementation. There is also a
notable need to embed implementation into wider reform strategies. While these issues are being addressed on the
part of the countries, the EU can assist them by providing the necessary systemic support in an integrated, sequenced
and long-term way.
Estudio EN
The Visegrad Group and the rule of law [What Think Tanks are thinking]
Tipo de publicación Briefing
Fecha 08-05-2018
Autor CESLUK-GRAJEWSKI Marcin
Ámbito político Democracia en la UE, Derecho institucional y parlamentario
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | armonización fiscal | Chequia | Ecofin | Eslovaquia | Estado de Derecho | grupo de reflexión |
Hungría | Polonia
Resumen Political developments in the Visegrád Group countries have raised concern over the commitment of some of their
leaders and senior politicians to European Union values, notably the rule of law. The Visegrád Group is an informal
alliance of the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia, all of which joined the EU in 2004. Criticism by EU
officials and some other Union governments centres on Hungary and Poland, where governments have implemented a
number of controversial reforms, notably of the judiciary. In December 2017, the European Commission triggered the
first phase of Article 7 of the Treaty on European Union, which can ultimately deprive a country found guilty of violating
EU values of voting rights. In addition, a European Parliament draft report notes a deterioration of the rule of law in
Hungary, where Prime Minister Viktor Orbán won a third term in office in the country’s recent general election. This
note offers links to recent commentaries, studies and reports from major international think tanks on the Visegrád
Group, its internal relations and its role within the EU, with the focus on the rule of law debate.
Briefing EN
Integration of refugees in Greece, Hungary and Italy: Comparative Analysis
Tipo de publicación Estudio
Fecha 31-01-2018
Autor KRAATZ Susanne
Autor externo Manuela SAMEK LODOVICI (project leader), IRS- Istituto per la Ricerca Sociale
Serena Marianna DRUFUCA, IRS- Istituto per la Ricerca Sociale
Nicola ORLANDO, IRS- Istituto per la Ricerca Sociale
Ámbito político Empleo | Politica social
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | asilo político | corriente migratoria | estadística de la UE | Grecia | Hungría | integración de los
migrantes | integración social | Italia | política migratoria de la UE | refugiado
Resumen This study presents a comparative overview of recent policy developments in Greece, Hungary and Italy, which
present some similarities as regards their position in the migration routes, but also very different approaches.
The focus of the analysis is on progress achieved in the last three years in the adaptation of the reception and
integration system for the high numbers of new arrivals and on the main challenges encountered, with a focus on
labour market integration measures.
Further, special attention is given to changes in perceptions, public opinion and political discourse with respect to the
asylum and integration of refugees and how this influenced policy strategies.
Estudio EN
06-01-2022 Fuente : © Unión Europea, 2022 - PE 1The Enlargement of the Union
Tipo de publicación Fichas temáticas sobre la EU
Fecha 01-09-2017
Autor DE MUNTER André
Ámbito político Asuntos exteriores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | Balcanes Occidentales | criterio de adhesión | Croacia | democracia | economía de mercado |
estrategia de preadhesión | integración europea | Islandia | negociación de adhesión | Turquía
Resumen On 1 July 2013, Croatia became the 28th Member State of the European Union. Croatia’s accession, which followed
that of Romania and Bulgaria on 1 January 2007, marked the sixth enlargement. Negotiations are being conducted
with Montenegro, Serbia and Turkey. Albania and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia are also candidate
countries, while Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo are potential candidate countries.
Fichas temáticas sobre BG, CS, DA, DE, ET, EN, FR, HR, IT, LT, HU, NL, PL, PT, SK, SL, FI, SV
la EU
The Consequences of Brexit for the Customs Union and the Internal Market Acquis for Goods
Tipo de publicación Briefing
Fecha 15-06-2017
Autor externo Prof. Dr Piet Eeckhout
Ámbito político Adopción de legislación por el PE y el Consejo | Derecho de la UE: sistema jurídico y actos legislativos | Evaluación de
la legislación y las políticas en la práctica | Mercado interior y unión aduanera | Planificación prospectiva | Protección
de los consumidores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | acuerdo arancelario | acuerdo comercial | acuerdo de libre comercio | disputa comercial |
formalidad aduanera | intercambios extra-UE | libre circulación de mercancías | mercado único | negociación de
acuerdo (UE) | Organización Mundial del Comercio | país tercero | principio de reconocimiento mutuo | Reino Unido |
retirada de la UE
Resumen •The consequences of Brexit depend on the model which will be adopted for the future relationship between the EU
and the UK. These models should be compared with a respect to a number of different parameters, which are not
confined to substantive trade rules but include also questions of legal effect and dispute settlement.
•There are very substantial differences between, on the one hand, the EU Membership and EEA models; and on the
other the WTO/FTA models. Those differences are focused on the approach to regulatory convergence and to the
legal effects of the agreements and their enforcement.
Briefing EN
Proceedings of the Workshop on the consequences of Brexit
Tipo de publicación Estudio
Fecha 15-06-2017
Autor externo Anna CITARELLA, European Research Centre for Economic and Financial Governance ; Menelaos MARKAKIS,
European Research Centre for Economic and Financial Governance
Ámbito político Adopción de legislación por el PE y el Consejo | Derecho de la UE: sistema jurídico y actos legislativos | Evaluación de
la legislación y las políticas en la práctica | Mercado interior y unión aduanera | Planificación prospectiva | Protección
de los consumidores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | acuerdo comercial (UE) | comercio internacional | competencia institucional (UE) |
interdependencia económica | mercado único | negociación de acuerdo (UE) | Parlamento Europeo | protección del
consumidor | referéndum | Reino Unido | retirada de la UE | tratados europeos | unión aduanera
Resumen The workshop organised for the IMCO Committee by the Policy Department A in cooperation with the European
Research Centre for Economic and Financial Governance (EURO-CEFG) of the Universities of Leiden, Delft and
Rotterdam aimed at discussing the consequences of Brexit on the EU in general and on the policy fields covered by
the IMCO Committee in particular. It allowed for a first exchange of opinion on the consequences of Brexit and for
questions by EU decision-makers in preparation of the upcoming negotiations.
Estudio EN
06-01-2022 Fuente : © Unión Europea, 2022 - PE 2Consequences of Brexit in the Area of Consumer Protection
Tipo de publicación Estudio
Fecha 15-06-2017
Autor externo Dr. Malte KRAMME, Research Centre for Consumer Law, University of Bayreuth
Ámbito político Adopción de legislación por el PE y el Consejo | Derecho de la UE: sistema jurídico y actos legislativos | Evaluación de
la legislación y las políticas en la práctica | Mercado interior y unión aduanera | Planificación prospectiva | Protección
de los consumidores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | comercio internacional | cooperación judicial | cooperación judicial civil en la Unión Europea |
Derecho derivado | Espacio Económico Europeo | negociación de acuerdo (UE) | Organización Mundial del Comercio |
periodo transitorio (UE) | protección del consumidor | Reino Unido | relación comercial | retirada de la UE | tratados
europeos
Resumen TThis paper outlines the consequences of the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union in the area of
consumer protection. It examines the withdrawal’s impact on consumer protection under different scenarios: a futire
EEA membership of the UK (a); a relationship governed only by WTO rules; (c) a relationship governed by a “tailor-
made agreement”. It comes to the conclusion that from the perspective of consumers in the EU28, an EEA
membership of the UK is the most favourable scenario. Irrespective of the scenario, adequate transitory provisions
taking into consideration the “two-step” negotiating schedule are necessary to resolve legal uncertainties occurring
irrespective of the scenario.
This document was prepared for Policy Department A at the request of the Committee on Internal Market and
Consumer Protection.
Estudio EN
FYR Macedonia: 2016 report
Tipo de publicación De un vistazo
Fecha 30-03-2017
Autor LILYANOVA Velina
Ámbito político Asuntos exteriores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | ayuda de preadhesión | democratización | estrategia de preadhesión | Macedonia del Norte |
reforma judicial
Resumen In April 2017, the European Parliament is due to debate a resolution on the European Commission's 2016 enlargement
report on the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. The report acknowledges that during a politically turbulent 2016,
the country failed to progress in key EU-related reform areas and even backtracked in some. Following the December
2016 elections, political uncertainty remains and the EU is urging prompt formation of a new government, a process
currently blocked.
De un vistazo EN
Understanding social dumping in the European Union
Tipo de publicación Briefing
Fecha 21-03-2017
Autor KISS Monika
Ámbito político Empleo | Mercado interior y unión aduanera | Politica social
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | Derecho del trabajo | dumping social | Estado miembro UE | libre circulación de trabajadores |
libre prestación de servicios
Resumen Although a recurring term in discussions related to working mobility, wages and the social security of workers, social
dumping has neither a generally accepted definition, nor easily definable limits. It is rather a set of practices on an
international, national or inter-corporate level, aimed at gaining an advantage over competitors, which could have
important negative consequences on economic processes and workers’ social security. Examples include actions
taken by actors from 'low wage' Member States to gain market advantage over actors from Member States with higher
pay and social standards; multinational companies from 'high wage' countries searching for ways to avoid legal
constraints by employing subcontractors from low-wage countries; and companies engaging cheaper and more
vulnerable temporary and agency workers, or relocating production to lower wage and less regulated locations. Social
dumping takes different forms in different sectors. Suppressing social dumping is a component of different regulations
on working mobility, undeclared work, and the status of transport workers. However, as the legislative competence of
the European Union is limited in the labour law domain, soft law and social dialogue are also used to tackle the
phenomenon. Several cases before the Court of Justice of the EU (such as the Viking and the Laval cases) show that
the applicable EU rules can only be effective if adequate implementation and enforcement by the Member States is
guaranteed. In September 2016, the European Parliament adopted an own-initiative resolution on social dumping,
calling for a number of actions to reinforce controls, close regulatory gaps, revise working conditions and promote
social convergence.
Briefing EN
06-01-2022 Fuente : © Unión Europea, 2022 - PE 3Bosnia and Herzegovina: Developments in 2016
Tipo de publicación De un vistazo
Fecha 07-02-2017
Autor LILYANOVA Velina
Ámbito político Asuntos exteriores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | Bosnia y Herzegovina | democratización | Fondo Monetario Internacional | libertad de expresión |
reforma judicial | relación bilateral
Resumen In 2016, Bosnia and Herzegovina completed several formal requirements necessary for obtaining EU candidate status.
However, other developments exposed the country's ongoing political and ethnic rifts, and the need for thorough
reforms and enhanced cooperation among all levels of government.
De un vistazo EN
European Pillar of Social Rights
Tipo de publicaciónDe un vistazo
Fecha 11-01-2017
AutorMILOTAY Nora
Ámbito políticoAsuntos económicos y monetarios | Empleo | Politica social
Palabra claveacervo comunitario | condición de trabajo | derechos sociales | diálogo social (UE) | Estado miembro UE | flexibilidad
del trabajo | iniciativa de la UE | pacto de estabilidad | política económica | política social europea | zona euro
Resumen The European Union (EU) Member States have defined common social rights and minimum standards in a wide range
of labour market-related areas, and have committed to promoting employment and social progress. However,
economic and social inequalities are still on the rise. The European Commission's plan for a European Pillar of Social
Rights calls for two main actions: modernising existing legislation to better fit the present reality of the world of work
and societal patterns, and developing employment and social benchmarks in order to foster upward convergence in
the euro area and potentially beyond. Parliament is due to consider an own-initiative report on the subject at its
January 2017 plenary session.
De un vistazo EN, IT
The 1995 enlargement of the European Union: The accession of Finland and Sweden
Tipo de publicaciónEstudio
Fecha 04-11-2015
Ámbito políticoDemocracia en la UE, Derecho institucional y parlamentario
Palabra claveacervo comunitario | adhesión a la Unión Europea | AELC | Consejo Nórdico | Espacio Económico Europeo | Finlandia
| historia de Europa | neutralidad | Noruega | soberanía nacional | Suecia | Tratado de la Unión Europea
Resumen This year, Finland and Sweden, like Austria, celebrate the twentieth anniversary of their accession to the European
Union. This historical study focuses specifically on the entry into the Union of the first two countries. Distinct economic
and social policies, as well as issues of neutrality during the Cold War, had kept the two Nordic countries from
developing closer relations with the European Community. However, economic and geopolitical changes allowed this
situation to evolve into a deeper and mutually beneficial relationship. This is the latest study in the European Union
History Series, which is primarily based on documents preserved in and made available to the public by the
Historical Archives of the Parliament and the archives of other EU institutions.
Estudio (epub) EN
Estudio EN
Energy Community: Prospects and challenges
Tipo de publicación Briefing
Fecha 08-10-2015
Autor WILSON Alex Benjamin
Ámbito político Energía
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | ampliación de una organización internacional | Balcanes Occidentales | cooperación energética |
Derecho de la energía | estructura institucional | Kosovo | mercado de la energía | Moldavia | red de energía | reforma
institucional | seguridad de abastecimiento | toma de decisiones | transposición de la legislación comunitaria | Ucrania
Resumen The Energy Community Treaty (ECT) was signed in 2005. Its principal objective is to expand the EU internal energy
market to neighbouring countries ('Contracting States') that are willing to adopt the EU energy acquis. The Energy
Community (EnC) includes a permanent secretariat based in Vienna and a set of decision-making institutions. The
Ministerial Council meets annually and makes all key strategic decisions. Detailed preparatory work is carried out by
the Permanent High-Level Group, which meets more frequently. The EnC Secretariat is responsible for monitoring,
assisting and enforcing implementation of the energy acquis in the Contracting States. The EU institutions strongly
support the objectives of the Energy Community (EnC), and the European Commission plays a lead role in its
decision-making processes. Yet shortcomings have been identified in the way that EnC institutions currently operate,
with weak implementation of the energy acquis among several Contracting States and inadequate tools for
enforcement. Questions have also been raised about the potential membership of the EnC, whether it should be
widened and made more flexible. A high-level group was commissioned to look into improving the governance
structures of the EnC and delivered its report in May 2014; this was followed by a detailed stakeholder consultation in
early 2015. Some decisions on the functioning of the EnC may be taken at the next Ministerial Council in Tirana on 16
October 2015.
Briefing EN
06-01-2022 Fuente : © Unión Europea, 2022 - PE 4Adopting the euro: Convergence criteria and state of play
Tipo de publicación Briefing
Fecha 17-07-2015
Autor SZCZEPANSKI Marcin
Ámbito político Asuntos económicos y monetarios
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | criterio de convergencia | mecanismo de cambio SME | opinión pública | pacto de estabilidad |
país no participante | política monetaria única | Sistema Europeo de Bancos Centrales | tercera fase de la UEM
Resumen Adopting the single currency is the third stage of Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). Even though all Member
States participate in EMU, not all of them use the euro: the United Kingdom and Denmark have opted out, while
Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Sweden are yet to adopt it, being formally
obliged to do so under the Maastricht Treaty. Before this happens, they need to fulfil the convergence criteria of price
stability, soundness and sustainability of public finances, durability of convergence and exchange rate stability.
Furthermore, they must align their national legislation with the EU acquis on national central banks. Many argue that
during the euro's founding phase the convergence criteria were relaxed in order to enable a wide take-up of the
currency. This however is no longer the case, as the Member States which have joined since the euro came into use
have had to fulfil the criteria stringently. Bulgaria, the Czech Republic and Sweden fulfil all but one criterion (exchange
rate stability) and in fact none of the seven countries have decided to join the relevant currency-pegging mechanism.
Furthermore, none except Croatia have made their central bank legislation compatible with the euro area. Public
opinion in these countries is divided: a majority in Romania, Hungary, Croatia and Bulgaria is in favour of adopting the
euro, while in the other countries most people would vote against it. However, only 18% of all respondents want the
single currency to be introduced as soon as possible. Reportedly, most of the non-euro-area Member States cannot be
expected to join the euro before 2020.
Briefing EN
Third-country migration and European labour markets: Integrating foreigners
Tipo de publicación Briefing
Fecha 16-07-2015
Autor POPTCHEVA Eva-Maria Alexandrova | STUCHLIK Andrej
Ámbito político Empleo | Espacio de libertad, seguridad y justicia
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | derecho de residencia | desempleo de los trabajadores migrantes | escasez de mano de obra |
estadística del empleo | inserción profesional | integración de los migrantes | migración profesional | permiso de
trabajo | política migratoria de la UE | trabajador de temporada | trabajador migrante
Resumen The EU faces long-term economic challenges. Its population is ageing, and its economy is increasingly dependent on
jobs requiring high levels of skills. Therefore, during the last ten years, the EU has come to consider managed
migration as an increasingly important way to provide European economies with the talent they need. Managing legal
migration and integrating third-country nationals has significantly evolved in that time, following a sectoral approach.
Several new legal instruments have been introduced – most importantly, the Single Permit and the Blue Card
Directive, in 2011 and 2009 respectively – in order to facilitate permanent residence and assist in attracting highly
skilled workers. The European Union's 'Stockholm Programme' of 2009, and the Commission's 'European Agenda for
the Integration of Third-country nationals' of 2011, both pointed to the most crucial element in the successful
integration of migrants being their participation in the labour market. Since then, the situation has improved in only a
few Member States. Recent data confirm the persistent disadvantages for third-country nationals manifested in their
employment and unemployment rates.
Briefing EN
Turkey 2014: Work in progress
Tipo de publicación De un vistazo
Fecha 11-05-2015
Autor BENTZEN Naja
Ámbito político Asuntos exteriores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | adhesión a la Unión Europea | Chipre | corrupción | cuestión armenia | cuestión de Kurdistán |
democratización | elecciones nacionales | independencia de la justicia | política de comunicación | política de
información | Turquía
Resumen 2014 got off to a seemingly good start: then Prime Minister, and current President, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan declared it
the 'Year of the European Union', demonstrating Ankara's commitment to its EU path. However, several challenges
strained Turkey's ties to the EU over the course of the year. Accordingly, the Commission's 2014 progress report
highlights various political concerns.
De un vistazo EN
06-01-2022 Fuente : © Unión Europea, 2022 - PE 5Freedom of Media in the Western Balkans
Tipo de publicación Estudio
Fecha 22-10-2014
Autor externo Elda BROGI, Alina DOBREVA and Pier Luigi PARCU
Ámbito político Derechos humanos | Evaluación de la legislación y las políticas en la práctica | Planificación prospectiva
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | Albania | ampliación de la UE | Bosnia y Herzegovina | Consejo de Europa | cooperación regional
| instrumento financiero de la UE | Kosovo | libertad de información | Macedonia del Norte | medio de comunicación de
masas | Montenegro | OSCE | pluralismo de los medios de comunicación | política de la UE | profesión de la
comunicación | protección de las libertades | Serbia
Resumen The study analyses media freedom and pluralism in the Western Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo,
Montenegro, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Serbia) in light of the EU enlargement policy. Despite
the different stages of their EU accession paths, these countries share similar challenges, even if they are of different
intensities. The study analyses the overall legal framework and its unsatisfactory levels of implementation, the role and
the independence of PSB, the media market, and the status of journalists. It also outlines country-specific profiles,
regarding these categories.
The paper outlines and analyses the current EU policies and financial instruments to foster media freedom and media
pluralism in the region, including the Stabilisation and Association Process and specific acquis. It also analyses the
issues in the context of the EU ‘internal’ and ‘external’ policy on media freedom and media pluralism. The study
outlines the complementary roles of the CoE and the OSCE as setting common standards on media freedom in
Europe and the EU institutions as being the main engine and guarantor for their implementation. Finally, the
recommendations point towards the EU establishing a more long-term, integrated and comprehensive strategy of
external help, monitoring and capacity building, as well as further co-ordination with the CoE and OSCE.
Estudio EN
The Cost of Non-Europe in the Single Market. Part II - Single Market for Services
Tipo de publicación Estudio
Fecha 24-09-2014
Ámbito político Asuntos económicos y monetarios | Asuntos financieros y bancarios | Empleo | Mercado interior y unión aduanera |
Politica social | Transporte | Valor añadido europeo
Palabra clave acceso al mercado | acervo comunitario | análisis de coste-beneficio | comercio electrónico | contrato de servicios |
estudio de impacto | industria de servicios | industria del gas | industria eléctrica | juego | libre prestación de servicios |
mercado del transporte | red transeuropea | servicios financieros
Resumen Cost of Non-Europe Reports identify the possibilities for economic or other gains and/or the realisation of a ‘public
good’ through common action at EU level in specific policy areas and sectors. This Cost of Non-Europe Report seeks
to analyse the costs for citizens, businesses and relevant stake-holders of remaining gaps and barriers in the
European Single Market, building on and updating the 1988 Cecchini Report, which quantified its potential benefits.
This particular study - the second in a series - attempts to take stock of the remaining gaps or deficits in intra-EU
market access obligations in services, and the related deficits in the proper functioning of the internal market for
services. It also tries to identify the quantitative and qualitative economic gains of overcoming the costs of non-Europe
of the remaining fragmentation, insofar as the EU can address such deficits.
Estudio EN
Bosnia & Herzegovina: continuing standstill
Tipo de publicación De un vistazo
Fecha 30-01-2014
Autor LECARTE Jacques
Ámbito político Asuntos exteriores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | acuerdo de estabilización y asociación | Acuerdo Interino (UE) | adhesión a la Unión Europea |
Bosnia y Herzegovina | discriminación étnica | integración europea | política gubernamental | Tribunal Europeo de
Derechos Humanos
Resumen Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) made very limited progress towards EU membership in 2013. The lack of measures to
address discrimination on the grounds of ethnicity, and thus implement the judgment of the European Court of Human
Rights is preventing BiH from moving closer to the EU.
De un vistazo EN
Proceedings of the Workshop on "Countdown to the Vilnius Summit: The EU's Trade Relations with
Moldova and the South Caucasus"
Tipo de publicación Estudio
Fecha 15-01-2014
Autor externo Michael EMERSON (Centre for European Policy Studies - CEPS, Belgium)
Ámbito político Comercio internacional
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | acuerdo de libre comercio | análisis económico | intercambio comercial | liberación de los
intercambios | Moldavia | negociación de acuerdo (UE) | Organización Mundial del Comercio | país del Cáucaso |
política arancelaria | política europea de vecindad | reunión en la Cumbre | Rusia | Ucrania
Resumen Proceedings of the workshop on "Countdown to the Vilnius Summit: The EU's Trade Relations with Moldova and the
South Caucasus" held on 5 November 2013 in Brussels. The present document is the compilation of the background
notes and tables prepared by the experts invited.
Estudio EN
06-01-2022 Fuente : © Unión Europea, 2022 - PE 6Legal Implications of the EU-US Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) for the Acquis Communautaire
and the ENVI Relevant Sectors that Could be Addressed During Negotiations
Tipo de publicación Estudio
Fecha 15-10-2013
Autor externo Christiane Gerstetter (Ecologic institute), Michael Mehling (Ecologic Institute), Andrew Eberle (Ecologic Institute) and
Katherine Salès (BIO Intelligence Service)
Ámbito político Comercio internacional | Medio ambiente | Seguridad alimentaria
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | aviación civil | Estados Unidos | inversión en el extranjero | negociación de acuerdo (UE) |
organismo genéticamente modificado | protección del consumidor | protección del medio ambiente | seguridad de los
alimentos | sustancia tóxica
Resumen This study discusses the potential impact of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership agreement on the EU
acquis in the areas of the environment and food safety. It recommends, in particular, that the European Parliament pay
very close attention to the precise wording of provisions regarding the environment, food safety, and investment set out
in the final text to ensure that both parties are able to maintain the environmental and consumer protection standards
they deem appropriate, as provided for in the European Commission’s negotiating mandate.
Estudio EN
Approximation of the National Legislation of Eastern Partnership Countries with EU Legislation in the
Economic Field
Tipo de publicación Análisis en profundidad
Fecha 03-05-2013
Autor externo Laure DELCOUR (IRIS) and Kataryna WOLCZUK (Centre for Russian and East European Studies, University of
Birmingham)
Ámbito político Asuntos económicos y monetarios | Asuntos exteriores | Derecho de la UE: sistema jurídico y actos legislativos |
Seguridad alimentaria
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | aproximación de legislaciones | Belarús | convergencia económica | Derecho de la competencia |
legislación fitosanitaria | Moldavia | país del Cáucaso | seguridad de los alimentos | Ucrania | zona de libre comercio
Resumen With the launch of the Eastern Partnership in 2009, the EU stepped up its involvement in Eastern Europe and the
South Caucasus. The offer of a closer relationship with Eastern neighbours is contingent upon partner countries
converging with EU norms and standards. Effective regulatory approximation in the economic field is therefore critical
to anchoring the reform process in partner countries and to fostering further progress in EU’s relations with its Eastern
neighbours. Against this backdrop, this briefing paper reviews the achievements to date in regulatory approximation in
the economic field in Eastern Partnership countries. Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Areas (DCFTAs) are a vital
trade instrument for building up long-term economic relationships with eastern neighbours. They are likely to have a
far-reaching influence on the reform process in partner countries. However, legal approximation and implementation of
approximated legislation remain key challenges. The briefing highlights five major problems hindering legal
approximation in the economic field: the complexity of the acquis to be adopted; institutional coordination;
implementation capacities; costs of approximation and political sensitivity in partner countries. The briefing offers
recommendations to improve the EU’s approach so that DCFTAs could fulfill their potential.
Análisis en profundidad EN
Proceedings of the Workshop on "European Energy Community Strategy: Political, Economic and
Environmental Challenges in South East Europe"
Tipo de publicación Estudio
Fecha 12-04-2013
Autor externo Alan RILEY (City Law School, City University, London) and Ana-Maria BOROMISA (Institute for Development and
International Relations, Department for International Economic and Political Relations, Croatia)
Ámbito político Asuntos exteriores | Energía | Medio ambiente
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | Balcanes Occidentales | consulta pública | corrupción | Derecho del medio ambiente | desarrollo
sostenible | Estado miembro UE | geopolítica | inversión | política energética | seguridad de abastecimiento | Turquía
Resumen While a sustainable energy strategy is needed in South East Europe, such a strategy should pay attention to the
specific context of the region (i.e. post-conflict era, recent market liberalisation and corruption). The EU and South-East
Europe countries share similar interests (i.e. energy security), yet their perception is to some extent different. For the
South East Europe region, national energy security is a priority. EU conditionality (which translates into copy-pasting
EU directives) is seen as not very efficient. Key challenges in EU-South East Europe cooperation also include the
implementation of approximated legislation at a national level and the prioritisation based on regional criteria. The
Energy Community Treaty could be used as a means to change the entire energy sector in the region; however this
requires serious supporting policies. In particular, a strong rule of law approach (e.g. flanking measures in respect of
antitrust and public procurement) is necessary to develop investments and build new infrastructures in the region.
Estudio EN
06-01-2022 Fuente : © Unión Europea, 2022 - PE 7Iceland slows down enlargement talks
Tipo de publicación De un vistazo
Fecha 11-04-2013
Autor PONTIROLI GOBBI Francesco
Ámbito político Asuntos exteriores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | criterio de adhesión | cuota de pesca | estabilización económica | Islandia | negociación de
adhesión | opinión pública
Resumen Negotiations with Iceland, which started in 2010, are advancing well, with talks launched on six new chapters in
December 2012. Of 33 chapters for negotiations, 27 have been opened, of which 11 have already been provisionally
closed. The parties in Iceland's coalition recently announced they would not prioritise negotiations in the run-up to the
April 2013 general election.
De un vistazo EN
The EU Accession procedure
Tipo de publicación Briefing
Fecha 26-03-2013
Autor COPELAND Nicholas
Ámbito político Democracia en la UE, Derecho institucional y parlamentario
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | Acuerdo de Asociación (UE) | estrategia de preadhesión | negociación de adhesión | Tratado de
adhesión (UE)
Resumen The enlargement from a Community of six Member States (MS) to a Union of 27 is widely regarded as the EU’s
greatest policy triumph. However even amongst those MS who have succeeded in joining, there have been significant
differences in their experiences of the accession process. For current and potential candidate countries, completing the
process is likely to prove even more challenging.
Briefing EN
Food Safety and Public Health Situation in Croatia
Tipo de publicación Estudio
Fecha 15-10-2012
Autor externo Food Safety situation in Croatia :
S. Keenan (Campden BRI), J. Hammond (Campden BRI) and D. Leeks (Campden BRI) ,
Public Health situation in Croatia :
Selma Šogorić (MD MPH PhD), Luka Kovačić (MD MPH PhD), Aleksandar Džakula (MD PhD), Catherine Ganzleben
(Milieu), Monica Guarinoni (Milieu) and Alice Belin (Milieu)
Ámbito político Salud pública | Seguridad alimentaria
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | Croacia | delegación PE | enfermedad animal | inspección de alimentos | prevención de riesgos
medioambientales | salud pública | seguridad de los alimentos | sistema sanitario
Resumen This briefing document provides in two separate reports an overview of the Croatian situation respectively in the fields
of Food Safety and Public Health.
As regards the food safety, the note reviews the Croatian food and drink industry, the organisation and official controls
involved in food safety, the risk management and risk communication of animal diseases and, the status of the
preparation of Croatia against the acquis in the area of food safety.
Concerning the public health situation, the note presents the health status of the population, reviews determinants of
health and describes the Croatian health care system. It also provides information on the status of, and challenges with
regard to, the implementation of the EU acquis.
Estudio EN
Turkey: Reactions to the 2011 Progress Report
Tipo de publicación De un vistazo
Fecha 27-03-2012
Autor LECARTE Jacques
Ámbito político Asuntos exteriores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | Chipre | criterio de adhesión | democracia | derechos humanos | negociación de adhesión |
reforma institucional | reforma judicial | Turquía
Resumen The latest Commission progress report on Turkey acknowledges some progress, but insists that further improvements
are required in a range of areas. The Turkish authorities have severely criticised the content of the report.
De un vistazo EN
06-01-2022 Fuente : © Unión Europea, 2022 - PE 8Iceland: Reactions to the 2011 Progress Report
Tipo de publicación De un vistazo
Fecha 08-03-2012
Autor PONTIROLI GOBBI Francesco
Ámbito político Asuntos exteriores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | ayuda de preadhesión | criterio de adhesión | Islandia | negociación de adhesión | pertenencia a
la Unión Europea | política pesquera
Resumen In its 2011 annual report on Iceland, the European Commission (EC) states that the country meets the political criteria
for EU membership, is a functioning market economy and has a good level of alignment in legislation. However, areas
of concern remain and the EC urges Reykjavík to take action on them.
De un vistazo EN
The Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) : An Assessment
Tipo de publicación Estudio
Fecha 11-07-2011
Autor externo Anselm Kamperman Sanders (Faculty of Law, Maastricht University, the Netherlands) ;
Dalindyebo Bafana Shabalala (Faculty of Law, Maastricht University, the Netherlands) ;
Anke Moerland (Faculty of Law, Maastricht University, the Netherlands) ;
Meir Pugatch (University of Haifa, Israel) and
Paolo R. Vergano (Fratini Vergano, European Lawyers)
Ámbito político Derecho de la propiedad intelectual | Industria | Política de investigación
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | APDIC | derecho del individuo | ejecución de sentencia | estudio de impacto | falsificación |
falsificación de moneda | innovación | propiedad intelectual | tecnología digital
Resumen The ACTA was motivated by a desire to establish equivalent provisions in international trade agreements containing
rules on anti-counterfeiting. This is important at a time when free trade agreements are being negotiated by different
parties. For the European Union it is also of importance to protect EU intellectual property rights (IPR) as future EU
competitiveness depends on its ability to move into higher value added activities such as those for which IPRs are
important. At the same time international agreements on IPRs will only be sustainable when they have the support of
all parties. Within the EU the ACTA has also been the source of some concerns regarding the non-transparent way it
was negotiated and whether it meets to aims agreed by the European Parliament and Commission that it would be
compatible with the existing acquis communautaire and the World Trade Organisation’s Trade Related intellectual
Property rights (TRIPs) Agreement.
Estudio EN
Iceland
Tipo de publicación De un vistazo
Fecha 01-04-2011
Autor PONTIROLI GOBBI Francesco
Ámbito político Asuntos exteriores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | criterio de adhesión | estabilización económica | Islandia | liberalización del mercado |
negociación de adhesión | política agrícola común | política pesquera común
Resumen In its first annual report on Iceland, the Commission praises the country for progress on the economic criteria for EU
accession. The report also argues that difficulties remain, and urges Reykjavík to take action on them.
De un vistazo EN
EU Administrative Law - The Acquis -
Tipo de publicación Análisis en profundidad
Fecha 01-12-2010
Autor externo Professor Paul CRAIG
University of Oxford
Ámbito político Democracia en la UE, Derecho institucional y parlamentario | Derecho de la UE: sistema jurídico y actos legislativos
Palabra clave acceso a la información de la UE | acervo comunitario | Carta de los Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión Europea |
Defensor del Pueblo Europeo | Derecho administrativo | Derecho de la competencia | organismo de la UE |
Reglamento financiero
Resumen The acquis communautaire that constitutes EU Administrative law has always been eclectic, in the sense that it is
composed of legal principles and rules that are derived from a variety of sources. This paper provides an overview of
the relevant material and the way in which the various provisions that comprise EU administrative law interact.
Análisis en profundidad EN
06-01-2022 Fuente : © Unión Europea, 2022 - PE 9Analysis of the 2009 Annual Programme for Turkey under the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance
(IPA) in the Context of the 2009 Enlargement Package
Tipo de publicación Análisis en profundidad
Fecha 27-01-2010
Autor externo Senem Aydin Düzgit (Assistant Professor of International Relations at Istanbul Bilgi University) and Ayan Kaya
(Professor of International Relations and the Director of the European Institute at Istanbul Bilgi University)
Ámbito político Asuntos exteriores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | ayuda de preadhesión | derechos humanos | Estado de Derecho | igualdad de género | política de
visados de la UE | protección de las minorías | situación económica | situación política | Turquía
Resumen This Briefing Paper analyses the coherence of the IPA Annual Programme (AP) 2009 for Turkey with the EU overall
policy objectives as further specified in the pre-accession process in general and for Turkey in particular. It assesses
the pertinence of the elements of analysis included in the AP and their potential to respond to the conditions/needs
identified in Turkey. In responding to this task, the AP's allocation of funding and composition of projects are projected
against Turkey's specific needs as identified by the European Commission's (EC) Progress Report (Commission
2009a) and the Enlargement Strategy (Commission 2009b). On the basis of this analysis, the briefing provides
recommendations concerning the adjustments that could be made to planning and implementing future EU activity in
Turkey.
Análisis en profundidad EN
Analysis of the 2009 Annual Programme for Montenegro under the Instrument for Pre-Accession
Assistance (IPA) in the Context of the 2009 Enlargement Package
Tipo de publicación Análisis en profundidad
Fecha 20-01-2010
Autor externo Jens Bastian (ELIAMEP, Hellenic Foundation for Foreign & European Policy, Athens, Greece)
Ámbito político Asuntos exteriores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | ayuda de preadhesión | criterio de adhesión | Montenegro | programa de la UE
Resumen This Briefing Paper analyses the coherence of the IPA Annual Action Programme 2009 for Montenegro (AAP) with the
European Union's (EU) pre-accession objectives. It evaluates the relevance of the elements of analysis put forward in
the AAP and their adequacy to the situation in Montenegro. The AAP’s allocation of funding and composition of
projects will be projected against Montenegro’s specific needs as identified by the European Commission’s (EC)
Progress Report (Commission 2009a) and the Enlargement Strategy (Commission 2009b). This paper is divided into a
political section, an economic section, a section on Montenegro's ability to assume the obligations of membership.
Each section provides an analysis of the current situation, of the AAP priorities and projects, as well as an assessment
of the latter. The briefing closes with conclusions and recommendations.
Análisis en profundidad EN
Analysis of the 2009 Annual Programme for Albania under the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance
(IPA) in the Context of the 2009 Enlargement Package
Tipo de publicación Análisis en profundidad
Fecha 20-01-2010
Autor externo Jens Bastian (ELIAMEP, Hellenic Foundation for Foreign & European Policy, Athens, Greece)
Ámbito político Asuntos exteriores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | Albania | ayuda de preadhesión | crecimiento económico | criterio de adhesión | reforma judicial
Resumen This Briefing Paper analyses the coherence of the IPA Annual Action Programme 2009 for Albania (AAP) with the
European Union's (EU) pre-accession objectives. It evaluates the relevance of the elements of analysis put forward in
the AAP and their adequacy to the situation in that country. The AAP’s allocation of funding and composition of
projects will be projected against Albania’s specific needs as identified by the European Commission’s (EC) Progress
Report (Commission 2009a) and the Enlargement Strategy (Commission 2009b). This paper is divided into a political
section, an economic section, a section on Albania’s ability to assume the obligations of membership. Each section
provides an analysis of the current situation, of the AAP priorities and projects, as well as an assessment of the latter.
The briefing closes with conclusions and recommendations.
Análisis en profundidad EN
06-01-2022 Fuente : © Unión Europea, 2022 - PE 10The Consumer Rights Directive and the CFR : Two Worlds Apart ?
Tipo de publicación Análisis en profundidad
Fecha 16-02-2009
Autor externo Martijn Hesselink (University of Amsterdam, Holland)
Ámbito político Derecho contractual, Derecho mercantil y Derecho de sociedades | Protección de los consumidores
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | contrato | protección del consumidor
Resumen Professor Hesselink presented his conclusions on the occasion of a public hearing organised by the IMCO Committee
on 2 March 2009 on "Towards a coherent European contract law: Consumer Rights and the Common Frame of
Reference".
On 8 October 2008, the European Commission presented a Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of
the Council on consumer rights (COM (2008)614 final). The proposal is a result of the review of the Consumer acquis
which covers a number of Directives on consumer protection. The content of this proposal could overlap with some
provisions of the Draft Common Frame of Reference. It is therefore useful to compare the contents of both projects in
order to assess possible overlapping and how these two projects could be effectively coordinated in order to avoid
fragmentation in European contract law. This briefing note analyses the gap between the DCFR and the consumer
rights directive and its implications and aims at demonstrating if there is any linkage between these two instruments.
Análisis en profundidad EN
Proposal for a Council Directive on Implementing the Principle of Equal Treatment Between Persons
Irrespective of Religion or Belief, Disability, Age or Sexual Orientation
Tipo de publicación Análisis en profundidad
Fecha 15-01-2009
Autor externo Gay Moon (Discrimination Consultant, Harpenden, Herts, UK)
Ámbito político Asuntos de género, igualdad y diversidad | Derecho de la UE: sistema jurídico y actos legislativos
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | discriminación basada en la orientación sexual | discriminación por motivo de minusvalía |
discriminación por motivos de edad | discriminación religiosa | igualdad de trato | jurisprudencia (UE)
Resumen This proposed directive will increase the protection from discrimination for age, disability, religion or belief or sexual
orientation to the same level as that currently applicable in relation to discrimination on grounds of sex and race. This
proposal should lead to a more consistent standard of protection from discrimination across the European Union for all
the prohibited grounds of discrimination. In order to achieve the maximum common understanding of the standards for
non-discrimination the same terms, definitions and principles as in the existing directives should be used. Where the
proposed directive suggests a lesser standard than the existing standards for sex and race this is noted.
Provisions on multiple discrimination are needed and consideration should be given to the need to increase legal
certainty in greater definition of the material scope of the proposed directive.
Análisis en profundidad EN, FR
Comparative Study on Authentic Instruments - National Provisions of Private Law, Circulation, Mutual
Recognition and Enforcement, Possible Legislative Initiative by the European Union (United Kingdom,
France, Germany, Poland, Romania, Sweden)
Tipo de publicaciónEstudio
Fecha 14-11-2008
Autor externoConseil des notariats de l'Union européenne
Ámbito políticoDerecho internacional privado y cooperación judicial en materia civil | Derecho internacional público
Palabra claveacervo comunitario | Alemania | Derecho internacional privado | Derecho privado | Francia | Polonia | principio de
reconocimiento mutuo | Reino Unido | Rumanía | Suecia
Resumen This study provides an in-depth and objective comparative analysis of the national provisions of private law and private
international law in the field of authentic instruments with special focus on their mutual recognition and enforcement
within selected EU Member States. The results of this comparative analysis serve as a basis for evaluating if a
legislative initiative of the European Union in this field is worthwhile or necessary. For that purpose, the study contains
some proposals on the legal basis and the form as well as on the scope and the content of a possible regulatory
intervention by the European Union.
Estudio EN, FR
06-01-2022 Fuente : © Unión Europea, 2022 - PE 11Analysis of the 2007 annual action programme for croatia under the pre-accession instrument in
preparation of the review of the relevant multi-annual indicative programme
Tipo de publicación Análisis en profundidad
Fecha 30-07-2008
Autor externo Tom Lynch (coordinating editor and author) and Visnja Samardzija (co-author)
Ámbito político Asuntos económicos y monetarios | Asuntos exteriores | Desarrollo y ayuda humanitaria
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | ayuda de preadhesión | cohesión económica y social | Croacia | desarrollo económico | Estado de
Derecho
Resumen Executive summary
Croatia has, as a candidate country, access to all five IPA components. The 2007 Annual Action Programme covers
solely component I ‘transition assistance and institution building’. The total amount of IPA Component I funding comes
to EUR 45.4 Million. The political criteria is allocated EUR 5.6 million, funding under the economic criteria gets EUR
1.77 million, EUR 28.5 million is set aside for the ability to assume the obligations of membership and EUR 9.45 is
allocated for supporting programmes.
Relating to Good governance and the rule of law, further efforts are required in the fight against corruption and this is,
correctly, a primary goal. The lack of explicit targeted funding directed towards the sectoral reforms (judicial and public
administration reform) needs to be rectified. Both corruption and the sectoral reforms have a bearing not only on good
governance and the rule of law, but also on the general business climate. Explicit EU funding is required for an overall
action plan on the implementation of the Constitutional Law on national minorities. Efforts also have to be made to
align anti-discrimination policies with EU standards and to develop a comprehensive national strategy and action plan,
which will also require pre-accession assistance. There is also no explicit funding directed towards aligning
antidiscrimination policies with EU standards and to develop a comprehensive national strategy. This is especially
important as the 2007 Progress Report observed that existing legislation “is not being applied vigorously”. Funding also
needs to be made available for the development of civil society who can have an important role in this policy area.
Overall the parliamentary process has been positive in relation to the implementation of the 2007 Annual Action
Programme.
Regarding Economic development and social cohesion, the 2007 Annual Action programme only tackles one of the
stated Multi-Annual Indicative Programme goals in th
Análisis en profundidad EN
Analysis of the 2007 annual action programme for the Republic of Montenegro under the pre-accession
instrument in preparation of the review of the relevant multi-annual indicative programme
Tipo de publicación Análisis en profundidad
Fecha 30-07-2008
Autor externo Filip Tesař (coordinating editor and author) and Marcus Delacor (co-author)
Ámbito político Asuntos económicos y monetarios | Asuntos exteriores | Desarrollo y ayuda humanitaria
Palabra clave acervo comunitario | ayuda de preadhesión | corrupción | criterio de adhesión | desarrollo económico | evaluación de la
ayuda | lucha contra el crimen | Montenegro | reforma judicial
Resumen Executive summary
Scope of the briefing
The aim of this paper is to assess Component I of the IPA National Action Programme 2007 for Montenegro with
reference to the European Union's (EU) preaccession objectives. It evaluates the pertinence of the elements of
analysis as put forward in the National Programme and their adequacy in describing the conditions identified in the
country. It compares the National Programme’s allocation of funding and composition of projects with Montenegro’s
specific needs as identified by the European Commission’s (EC) Progress Report and its Enlargement Strategy. Based
on the Montenegro Progress Report 2007 of the EC, this paper is divided into a political, an economic and a European
standards section, following the structure of the Progress Report and the grouping within the Multiannual Indicative
Programme (MIPD). Each section provides an analysis of the current situation, the projects identified by the National
Programme and an assessment referring to the tasks above. The briefing closes with conclusions and
recommendations. [...]
Análisis en profundidad EN
06-01-2022 Fuente : © Unión Europea, 2022 - PE 12También puede leer
